Asplenium trichomanes L., 1753

Common names

🇬🇧 Maidenhair Spleenwort
🇫🇷 Doradille des murailles, Capillaire des murailles, Fausse capillaire, Capillaire rouge

Taxonomy

Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Monilophytes
Class: Polypodiopsida
Subclass: Polypodiidae
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Aspleniaceae
Genus: Asplenium
Species: Asplenium trichomanes

Subspecies

Asplenium trichomanes subsp. pachyrachis

Asplenium trichomanes subsp. quadrivalens

Asplenium trichomanes subsp. trichomanes

Presence

Present.

Conservation status

Red List (Metropolitan France): LC Least Concern
Red List (Europe): LC Least Concern

Notes

The following infraspecific taxa are accepted:

A. trichomanes nothosubsp. barreraense Rasbach, K.Rasbach, Reichst. & Bennert, 1990: subsp. coriaceifolium × subsp. quadrivalvens, tetraploid (2n = 144);
A. trichomanes subsp. coriaceifolium Rasbach, K.Rasbach, Reichst. & Bennert, 1990: het. syn. A. azomanes Rosselló, Cubas & Rebassa, 1991, tetraploid (2n = 144);
A. trichomanes subsp. densum (Brack.) W.H.Wagner, 1999;
A. trichomanes subsp. hastatum (Christ) S.Jess., 1995: het. syn. A. jessenii Hong M.Liu & H.Schneid., 2018, tetraploid (2n = 144), P;
A. trichomanes subsp. humistratum (Ching) Fraser-Jenk., 2013: het. syn. A. humistratum Ching ex H.S.Kung, 1982;
A. trichomanes subsp. inexpectans Lovis, 1964: het. syn. A. inexpectans (Lovis) Landolt, 2010, diploid (2n = 72), P;
A. trichomanes nothosubsp. lovisianum S.Jess., 1995: subsp. hastatum × subsp. quadrivalvens, tetraploid (2n = 144), P;
A. trichomanes nothosubsp. lucanum Cubas, Rosselló & Pangua, 1989: subsp. inexpectans × subsp. quadrivalens, triploid (2n = 108), P;
A. trichomanes nothosubsp. lusaticum (D.E.Mey.) Lawalrée, 1978: het. syn. A. × lusaticum D.E.Mey., 1958, subsp. quadrivalens × subsp. trichomanes, triploid (2n = 108), P;
A. trichomanes subsp. maderense Gibby & Lovis, 1989: hexaploid (2n = 216);
A. trichomanes nothosubsp. malacitense Rasbach, K.Rasbach, Reichst. & Bennert, 1990: subsp. coriaceifolium × subsp. inexpectans, triploid (2n = 108);
A. trichomanes nothosubsp. melzerianum S.Jess., 1995: subsp. hastatum × subsp. inexpectans, triploid (2n = 108), P;
A. trichomanes nothosubsp. moravicum S.Jess., 1995: subsp. hastatum × subsp. pachyrachis, tetraploid (2n = 144), P;
A. trichomanes subsp. pachyrachis (Christ) Lovis & Reichst., 1980: het. syn. A. csikii Kümmerle & András., 1922, tetraploid (2n = 144), P;
A. trichomanes subsp. quadrivalens D.E.Mey., 1962: het. syn. A. quadrivalens (D.E.Mey.) Landolt, 2010, tetraploid (2n = 144), P;
A. trichomanes nothosubsp. staufferi Lovis & Reichst., 1985: het. syn. A. × staufferi (Lovis & Reichst.) L.Sáez & Rosselló, 1997, subsp. pachyrachis × subsp. quadrivalens, tetraploid (2n = 144), P;
A. trichomanes nothosubsp. tadei-reichsteinii S.Jess., 1995: subsp. inexpectans × subsp. pachyrachis, triploid (2n = 108), P;
A. trichomanes subsp. trichomanes L., 1753: diploid (2n = 72), P.

Hybridizes with:

A. adiantum-nigrum L., 1753 to produce A. × dolosum Milde, 1864, P;
A. fontanum (L.) Bernh., 1799 to produce A. × corbariense Rouy, 1913, Q;
A. foreziense Le Grand ex Magnier, 1884 to produce A. × pagesii Litard., 1910, P;
A. petrarchae (Guérin) DC., 1815 to produce A. × helii Lusina, 1943, P;
A. ruta-muraria L., 1753 to produce A. × clermontiae Syme, 1886, P;
A. septentrionale (L.) Hoffm., 1796 to produce A. × alternifolium Wulfen, 1781, P.

Photographs

img/asplenium-trichomanes.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes*

img/asplenium-trichomanes-2.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Pinnae

img/asplenium-trichomanes-3.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Pinnae, abaxial side showing indusia and sori

img/asplenium-trichomanes-10.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Pinnae, abaxial side showing indusia and sori

img/asplenium-trichomanes-4.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Young fronds

img/asplenium-trichomanes-6.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Young individual

img/asplenium-trichomanes-5.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Individual growing together with *Polystichum* sp.

img/asplenium-trichomanes-7.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Individual growing together with *Asplenium onopteris* L., 1753

img/asplenium-trichomanes-8.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Individual growing together with *Asplenium onopteris* L., 1753

img/asplenium-trichomanes-9.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Individual growing in a damaged joint of a brick wall

img/asplenium-trichomanes-11.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Individual growing the crack of a damaged brick wall

img/asplenium-trichomanes-12.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Individual growing in a damaged joint of a bridge parapet

img/asplenium-trichomanes-13.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Individual growing on an old wall

img/asplenium-trichomanes-14.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Other individuals growing on the same wall

img/asplenium-trichomanes-15.webp — *Asplenium trichomanes* - Individual growing on the wall of a lavoir

Sources

Badré, F., & Deschatres, R. (1979). Les Ptéridophytes de la France : liste commentée des espèces (taxinomie, cytologie, écologie et répartition générale). Candollea, 34(2), 379-457. https://doi.org/10.5169/seals-880127
Christenhusz, M., Bento Elias, R., Dyer, R., Ivanenko, Y., Rouhan, G., Rumsey, F., & Väre, H. (2017). Asplenium trichomanes (Europe assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2017. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/202937/85425775
Lovis, J.D., Rasbach, H., & Reichstein, T. (1989). Asplenium trichomanes L. nothosubsp. melzeri nothosubsp. nov. : the triploid hybrid between A. trichomanes subsp. inexpectans and subsp. quadrivalens. Candollea, 44(2), 543-553. https://doi.org/10.5169/seals-879628
Prelli, R., & Boudrie, M. (2024). Les fougères et plantes alliées d’Europe (2nd ed., p. 295). Biotope.
Tison, J.M., & de Foucault, B. (2014). Flora Gallica : Flore de France (p. 6). Biotope.